Happy Homebirth

Is it possible to hold space for both joy and grief simultaneously? 

 

This week we’re speaking with Ivana Burbage.  Ivana is a mom, wife and photographer from San Diego but now lives in Hawaii with her husband Justin. She loves being creative, surfing, 

spending time in the ocean and since having her babies is passionate about birth and motherhood. 

 

And as Ivana’s story unfolds, you will certainly notice the mingling of both joy and pain throughout and between her two pregnancy and birthing experiences.  And isn’t this such a picture of the reality of our lives?  We don’t always have perfectly separated, segmented experiences of extreme elation or depthy grief– often times our lives unfold in a way where both must share space and coexist.  I am so grateful to Ivana and her family for sharing this reality, both the pain and the beauty.

 

Episode Roundup:

 

1. Ivana’s first pregnancy began by greeting new life while also saying goodbye to one of the most important figures of her life.  This tension is overwhelming, and the grief of this was so heavy.  What I am so happy to hear is the way that Ivana’s community surrounded her.  Her husband, Justin, who is familiar with loss himself along with Ivana’s midwife, who stepped in as a support figure both made sure that she was processing her grief in a meaningful way, not allowing the pain to take her as a fearful captive.  It is so clear that this made a massive impact in how Ivana was able to experience the rest of her pregnancy, along with her beautiful first birth.  When grief struck her family again during her sister’s birth, the same support system came alongside to offer the care that was so desperately needed. What a picture of what it means to live in community and to receive the comfort and love that is so desperately needed in times of such deep pain.
2. Next, keep in mind that each birthing experience is its own– it’s easy to assume that our births will follow a specific pattern or that they will look and feel similarly to a previous experience, but as Ivana mentioned in this episode.  Her first birth and her second birth began quite differently, which did add to the experience of labor denial!  Ivana thought that her second birth would involve losing her mucous plug over the course of several days and having her water break just like it did with her first, but this second birth followed its own pattern and blueprint!  The beauty is that Ivana was able to very comfortably flow with the birth that presented itself, which allowed her to absorb every little moment of her rather short labor.
3. Finally, I want to end with a name.  Te’a.  God’s promise.  We aren’t promised that everything in life will go exactly how we want it to, and this is so clear throughout the stories that Ivana shared today, but there’s one thing that Ivana stands firm on– we are promised that God will be there.  That He will show up with and for us, and we will not walk any of it alone.  Sweet baby Te’a, a rainbow baby after a tumultuous storm.  What a gift.

 

Links:

Whole Mother Homebirth | wholemotherhomebirth.mykajabi.com/presale

Interview Application | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/direct-to-landing-page

Youtube | https://youtu.be/4TR1W5_VM2o

Restorative Roots  | restorativeroots.com (use code HAPPYHOMEBIRTH for $20 off your first order)

 

 

Does an empowering birth change you all at once?  Or does it do so incrementally?  Pulling back layers as time goes on, exposing truths– behaving more like a well-cultivated seed than an instant shift?

 

Abigail Pyle is wife to her husband Jeff, and a stay-at-home mom of five very energetic and delightful children ages 10-2 years. She is navigating homeschool and parenting on the Central Coast of California with lots of prayers for wisdom, grace and humility! Through her five unique homebirths, she has become very passionate about sharing with women about what a gift birth was meant to me! 

 

Today we’ll get to hear how Abigail’s experiences have unfolded over time, and the beautiful growth that she has undergone.

 

Episode Roundup:

1. And really harkening back to the question I asked at the beginning of this episode– Abigail shares how her birth experience did not overhaul who she was in one instant.  I’m sure that it did, actually in many ways, but in connection with her perspective, her spiritual life, and beliefs about herself— Abigail’s first birth was a seed planted.  Over time and through very different births, that seed was watered, cultivated, and grown to fruit.  We see this fruition in her most recent birth where, one week after her due date, she is so ready to meet her baby that she has completely relinquished all fear of how her baby will be born.  Back labor again?  Who cares.  She was fearless and ready to surrender to the process of birth.
2. And that leads me to this second point– surrender and submission.  Abigail said something so beautiful that had me thinking about this idea.  The more we are able to surrender to our Creator, the more HE will work and do.  Here we are circling around the concept she brought up about laboring to rest.  We labor, yes, but we MUST rest.  We must submit.  We must surrender so that he can bring about the bounty that he desires to bring about.  If we continually labor whether physically or metaphorically in our own strength, there will be so much less of a harvest.  But the more we submit, the more we trust, the more we open our hands to the experience that HE has for us… the more we get to enjoy his great abundance.
3. And finally, Abigail touched on something that I think is such a tangible reminder: You don’t have to experience the negative birth before you plan for the positive homebirth.  This is your permission slip.  Give it a try, let the Lord bless you however your birth unfolds.  Let the seeds be planted.  

Links: 

Happy Homebirth Academy | happyhomebirth.thrivecart.com/happy-homebirth-academy-checkout/

Notify for WMHB Pre Sale! | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/notifypresalelink

Youtube | https://youtu.be/ahv7--6Yfms

Blueshield | blushield.com/homebirth (use code HOMEBIRTH for 18% off of your order today!)

Restorative Roots  | restorativeroots.com (use code HAPPYHOMEBIRTH for $20 off your first order)

 

 

What’s the best way to enter birth?  Is it with a completely blank slate- not allowing the stories of others to influence your own experience, or…. Is there benefit to listening to the raw stories of others: the gamut of experiences to know what’s possible?

 

This week we’re speaking with Dr. Elliot Berlin, who we last spoke to on episode 229 titled Have an Informed Pregnancy with Dr. Elliot Berlin.  For those of you who have not yet heard of this champion of birth education, let me introduce him.  Dr. Berlin is an award-winning prenatal chiropractor, childbirth educator, labor support bodyworker, filmmaker, co-founder of Berlin Wellness Group in Los Angeles, California and the host of the Informed Pregnancy Podcast. Dr. Berlin graduated Summa Cum Laude from Life University of Chiropractic in Atlanta, Georgia, and the Atlanta School of Massage.  

 

Dr. Berlin’s Informed Pregnancy® Project aims to utilize multiple forms of media (podcasts, YouTube series, documentaries, and online workshops) to compile and deliver unbiased information about pregnancy and childbirth to empower new and expectant parents to make informed choices regarding their pregnancy and parenting journey.  

Dr. Berlin lives in Los Angeles with his wife, perinatal psychologist Dr. Alyssa Berlin, and their four fantastic kids.

 

Episode Roundup:

 

1. The mainstream birth narrative is so outdated, and the fact that so many people are making fear-based decisions BECAUSE of what they’ve seen in the media is heartbreaking.  To have resources like those that Dr. Berlin has created is such a blessing to so many.  It’s restoring the truth of what birth is, for those who are curious and want to make informed decisions.
2. I love the rawness aspect of the content that Dr. Berlin is creating.  He’s not trying to paint a false picture of birth, not trying to make it scarier than it is, and also not trying to make it more idyllic than it is.  His goal is to give an honest view of how this process unfolds, and the many different ways that that can look and feel.
3. Finally, I want to share with you a very special opportunity that Dr. Berlin has provided.  He’s giving a free month of “informed pregnancy plus”, his streaming platform, to our listeners.  There’s a link below in the show notes.  This will expire on October 1st of 2025, so be sure to hop on this opportunity while you have it!

 

Links: 

Notify for WMHB Pre Sale! | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/notifypresalelink

Interview Application | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/direct-to-landing-page

Youtube | https://youtu.be/uSDL1pxrvhw

Restorative Roots  | restorativeroots.com (use code HAPPYHOMEBIRTH for $20 off your first order)

Previous Interview: https://www.myhappyhomebirth.com/episode-229

Link to Informed Pregnancy Plus: informedpregnancy.tv

Discount Code: HHB725 for 1 month free on a monthly membership (new users only)

How do you discern the difference between fear mongering and true concern?

 

Scarlen is a home birth mom from Chattanooga, TN. She is a wife to Manny and together they have 5 boys. After a rough hospital birth with her first, she knew there had to be a different way to birth. When she became pregnant with her second boy, she decided she would birth at home and has not looked back since. Her love for birth and postpartum has led her to create a thriving home birth group in Chattanooga, TN called Chattanooga Home Birth Community. The group includes over 400 home birth advocates who are mothers and birth workers local to Chattanooga. This group has successfully connected mothers (in all stages of pregnancy) to doulas, midwives, and other home birth moms. 

 

Episode Roundup: 

1. The way we are treated in birth MATTERS when it comes to bonding. Scarlen shared how different she felt after giving birth to her first baby compared to her subsequent homebirths.  She felt angry and disconnected because of the way that she had been treated– this interfered with the cascade of hormones of birth, and took away from the euphoric experience that is common after childbirth, especially with an unmedicated birth.  With her homebirths, Scarlen was able to experience the fullness of labor and birth, and to feel present as her babies entered her arms.  She felt the joy and love well up, just as she had always wanted to.  This matters.  Wherever you give birth, it matters how you are treated. Being in a hospital does not excuse providers for being inhuman.  If you were mistreated during your birth, if you feel capable of doing it now, please complain.  Please let these people know that what they are doing is wrong.  This system has to change, and it’s going to take our voices to change it.
2. Next, the BOLDNESS.  WOW!  Scarlen and Manny were not going to be coerced– you can see this with Scarlen in her work situation when she had to fight for her right to avoid an experimental shot, and again when she and Manny asked questions of their care providers that made them uncomfortable during their twin birth.  They were so clearly walking in their faith and were unafraid.  There’s nothing more powerful than living fearlessly, and that’s what I see in Scarlen’s story.
3. And finally, when you are changed, you can’t help but share.  Scarlen’s life was transformed on multiple levels, but her birth experience, especially after her twin birth, gave her a desire to help others.  She is providing fellowship, information, and choices to her local community within the facebook group she’s created, and her desire to create a system where she can help support families who need financial assistance have the birth of their dreams– it truly shows her beautiful heart to serve.

 

Links: 

Samaritan Ministries | samaritanministries.org/happyhomebirth

Happy Homebirth Academy | happyhomebirth.thrivecart.com/happy-homebirth-academy-checkout/

Interview Application | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/direct-to-landing-page

Youtube | youtu.be/meiKqqu_OPE

Blueshield | blushield.com/homebirth (use code HOMEBIRTH for 18% off of your order today!)

Restorative Roots  | restorativeroots.com (use code HAPPYHOMEBIRTH for $20 off your first order)

 

The pelvic floor: it can be wounded during childbirth– but– could it be healed during the process instead?

 

Victoria Hedrick is a wife to her wonderful husband Jonathan, and the mother of their almost three year old daughter, Josie. They live on a small piece of land in Virginia that they are slowly turning into a homestead. Victoria enjoys fishing, canoeing, baking sourdough, and all things babies and homebirth. They are expecting their second baby later this year. 

Victoria and Jonathan have walked through quite an amazing journey throughout their marriage, particularly in relationship to birth and the physical and emotional healing it provided.  You are going to be in awe with this episode!

 

Episode Roundup: 

1. The loving way this couple worked together and their positive outlook.  The entrance that Victoria and Jonathan had into marriage was unexpected and highly challenging.  These are the types of situations that can so easily cause discord and animosity between couples.  How easy would it be for either one to take their hurt and pain and twist it into a weapon instead of allowing it to pull each other closer?  Despite the feelings of “why”, despite the darkness, the hurt, the challenge, Victoria and Jonathan continued on as partners working together.  And now, they are reaping the benefits of that choice.  They now get to experience intimacy on so many levels, and they know that they can trust one another to be steadfast love even in hard times.
2. Confession and repentance.  When Victoria told God the truth, it changed everything.  “I want to trust you.  Help me trust you.”  The truth was she didn’t trust Him, and that’s what she was telling him.  God can work with that.  HE led her to repentance– He changed her mind with HIS truth and was able to finally help her open her hands and surrender.  Sometimes we think of confession and repentance as, “I’m sorry, I’m sorry.” and maybe a few more “I’m sorry’s”.  But that’s not really what confession is.  When a detective is asking a criminal to confess, is he asking for an apology, or is he asking for the truth?  When we confess, we are telling the truth.  And repentance, or the Greek word for repentance, is metanoia.  It also doesn’t simply mean “I’m sorry.” It’s the way you think differently after having had your mind changed.  And who can change your mind best?  In my personal experience, confessing to God and sharing the truth of my heart- even the deepest, deepest darkest corners where my real thoughts hide sometimes even from myself– the ones I wouldn’t want anyone to know– when I can search that out and tell Him the truth, he brings about the repentance.  He shows me the REAL truth of the situation.  He provides me with new perspective, with HIS heart… and boy, when that happens, my mind is truly changed.  Truly healed.  Now I’m not striving to be better, I’m made new with new revelation and understanding, usually about just how deep the Father’s love for us really is.  Now back to Victoria- isn’t it beautiful how we see this play out?  She tells God how she’s feeling, and then wow, low and behold, this new ability to release and surrender comes from… where?  From nowhere?  No, from her good Father who loves her.  I’m linking two of my favorite books that dive into these topics in the show notes if you’d like to dive deeper with this.

Links:

Samaritan Ministries | samaritanministries.org/happyhomebirth

Happy Homebirth Academy | happyhomebirth.thrivecart.com/happy-homebirth-academy-checkout/

Interview Application | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/facebook-landing-page

Youtube | youtu.be/GmPnhTCJx0I

Blueshield | blushield.com/homebirth (use code HOMEBIRTH for 18% off of your order today!)

Restorative Roots  | restorativeroots.com (use code HAPPYHOMEBIRTH for $20 off your first order)

The pelvic floor- can you truly heal it and restore function?  Or is there a point where you’re beyond help?

 

This week we are speaking with Paris Latka. Paris has been involved in the practice of Bowspring since 2016, and this transformative movement system has deeply reshaped both her body and her life. Teaching for the past six years, she shares this work from a place of embodied passion and reverence for its healing power. Bowspring continually amazes Paris with its ability to restore balance, uplift the spirit, and invite joy into our everyday lives. It supports healing from the inside out and opens the door to a more optimistic, radiant way of being in life.  

Paris will be sharing more with us about this practice and specifically it’s amazing relationship with the pelvic floor.

 

Links:

Samaritan Ministries | samaritanministries.org/happyhomebirth

Happy Homebirth Academy | happyhomebirth.thrivecart.com/happy-homebirth-academy-checkout/

Interview Application | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/direct-to-landing-page

Youtube | youtu.be/fs4u9GsJBM4

Paris’s Course | intelligentmovementlab.com/pelvic-floor-freedom (use code HAPPYHOMEBIRTH10)

Free Bowspring on Youtube | youtube.com/@ParisLatka

Click here for my previous interview with Paris | podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/happy-homebirth/id1446934537?i=1000614823851

Blueshield | blushield.com/homebirth (use code HOMEBIRTH for 18% off of your order today!)

 

Breech birth is supposed to be rare, right?  How would you feel if you had more breech babies than head down babies?!

 

This week we’re speaking to Stephanie Kase, who has had twice as many breech babies as she’s had cephalic presentations!  Stephanie is mama to 3 under 3, wife, and online business coach from Greenville, SC. She's married to her husband, Michael, of 7 years with 3 girls - twin toddlers and a baby girl. She's a huge believer in trusting your God-given intuition in birth.

 

Episode Roundup:

 

1. I can’t help but start with Stephanie’s mindset.  Wow.  As soon as she heard that she was pregnant with twins, her reaction was delight.  Her first thought wasn’t, “oh my goodness, how are we going to do this?” but instead, “oh my goodness, what a blessing.”  This could be seen throughout her story– Even when she shared about her experience with the NICU and the obvious difficulty that had to have come from having her plans change and giving birth in the hospital, and then spending weeks at  that hospital….. It’s very clear to me that Stephanie has taken these experiences and learned to look at them with positive eyes– quickly pulling out the goodness in how things unfolded, even while acknowledging the areas that she wouldn’t have chosen for herself by any means. 

I feel this is so worth highlighting.  Truly, it can be the easier route to see all of the things that didn’t happen the way we expected and then find ourselves hanging in that upset place for days, months, years, even decades.  There is something so powerful in being able to take our story, see it for what it truly is: The good parts, the hard parts– acknowledge them all!  And then choose the way we are going to interact with that event.  Sometimes this requires help and support.  But when we are able to genuinely process our births– and many other intense situations– we are able to accept them, see the good parts, perhaps even focus on those, and move on in our lives even more empowered, more confident, and filled with more gratitude.  Stephanie really embodies this, and I hope you were as encouraged by that as I was.

2. And next, I love the way Stephanie thoughtfully interacted with her birthing choices.  For example, she could have been convinced by the first doctor she spoke with at the hospital who told her she would need a cesarean.  Instead, she and her midwife sought another provider.  Another example could be seen in her second birthing experience, where she knew that she didn’t want to be checked.  She knew that there was no information at that time that she would gain from a vaginal exam that would change anything about her plans of how she would give birth.  This resulted in a beautiful breech birth with no need to transport into the hospital.  Education combined with intuition– wow, it’s a powerful thing, my friends, and it serves us so well not only during birth, but throughout the whole of motherhood.

 

Links:

Samaritan Ministries | samaritanministries.org/happyhomebirth

Happy Homebirth Academy | happyhomebirth.thrivecart.com/happy-homebirth-academy-checkout/

Interview Application | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/direct-to-landing-page

Youtube | youtu.be/rRJzYokLTGY?si=jggrV5d9yt8Vrv4F

 

 

If you had a pretty good experience in the hospital with your first baby, what’s the point of changing things up with subsequent births?

 

Today we’re speaking with Kylie, who is living the dream as a stay at home mom of 3. She is married to her husband of 10.5 years, Tim and they live in Franklin, TN. They are passionate about embracing the adventure of life wherever it takes them and celebrating both the little things and big things in life! Kylie is a self-proclaimed birth junkie and could talk all things birth with you all day if you'd let her, which we did in this episode, and you are going to love the conversation that came from this.  

 

Episode Roundup:

 

 

1. I loved the flexibility Kylie and Tim allowed to have their minds changed.  Before becoming pregnant, Kylie believed that she would most certainly give birth in the hospital with an epidural. But as the reality of pregnancy hit, Kylie was open to the experiences of the friends around her that had positive things to say about giving birth unmedicated.  Instead of shutting down, Kylie listened and was open to reconsidering her desires.  This is half the battle, my friends- allowing our minds to think, “But what if things could be different…”
2. It was so special to hear the beautiful way that prayers were answered throughout Kylie’s births, but the moment that stands out to me the most happened in her second birth.  When Kylie and Tim didn’t know what to pray, they just asked the Lord to do what was best in terms of timing.  The fact that their oldest daughter was asleep for the birth but woke up directly after was so beyond what could be considered a coincidence, right?!  That’s not something she did!  And yet here she was, awake and able to immediately meet her new little sister in the height of the experience.
3. And finally, I want to touch on something so beautiful that Kylie shared. She mentioned the importance of intuition– listening to your intuition, hearing the Holy Spirit guiding you and acting in that faith… I just wanted to share how special it is that Kylie journals so much, because she has the evidence of this relationship.  She has the evidence of her intuition being correct again and again.  I cannot tell you how much I have loved keeping a journal this last year to be able to look back on situations and see exactly what I was processing in the moment, and then to see how those events unfolded or resolved or were transformed.  To have all of these special, specific accounts… It’s beautiful.  That’s where the Lord meets me- in my journaling.  That’s where I hear Him guiding me, and I have these beautiful records to reflect on and even share with others.  I feel like this message is for someone specific listening to this episode.  Get the journal!

 

Links:

Samaritan Ministries | samaritanministries.org/happyhomebirth

Happy Homebirth Academy | happyhomebirth.thrivecart.com/happy-homebirth-academy-checkout/

Interview Application | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/direct-to-landing-page

Youtube | youtu.be/wTQMlqb5RLE

 

What is the balance when it comes to preparing for our birth, but also holding it all with an open hand, knowing that outside factors can contribute to our experience?

 

Sara West and her husband Andrew live on Florida's sunny Space Coast with their four children. Her passions include writing, singing, drawing, and crocheting, though she has a little less time for those things while starting her homeschooling journey and bringing up toddlers! She hopes to one day finish a novel... or at least get a Substack up and running.

 

Episode Roundup:

 

1. I love how Sara chose to grow with new information.  She didn’t hold onto her past ways of doing things, and she also didn’t punish herself for not knowing what she didn’t know.  She simply gained the new information and put it into action for herself and her family.  No blaming, no shaming, just growth.
2. I also appreciate Sara’s perspective how she wanted to enter her birthing experience.  She didn’t feel like she had to control everything, and in fact, she was very aware that she could not.  She simply took control of the areas that she could, and then held the rest with an open hand and mind.  She was comfortable with the idea that she couldn’t predict every little detail, and that she would be willing to make the decisions that made sense in the moment.  
3. And finally, just– how beautiful is it to hear a mother experience their first unmedicated birth and think at the end, “That was easy!”  What a joy to see just how wonderfully we are made, and how beautifully birth was designed.  Whether you come to the end of labor thinking, “that was easy” or “that was intense,” my prayer is that you feel a sense of deep strength at what you’ve been designed to do.  You were made with intention and love, as is your baby.  I want you to feel flooded with that knowing as you bring your baby into your arms. 

Links:

Samaritan Ministries | samaritanministries.org/happyhomebirth

Happy Homebirth Academy | happyhomebirth.thrivecart.com/happy-homebirth-academy-checkout/

Interview Application | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/direct-to-landing-page

Youtube | youtu.be/aHZ87iPxgH8?si=d9yi4q6XPGlQFV1Z

 

You’re either for something or you’re against it, right? Like, you either love ultrasounds or you don’t.  Or you want testing done or you don’t….. Or… gasp, could there be more to it than right or wrong?

 

This week we’re speaking to Taylor Shaffer: a wife, mother of two beautiful girls, holistic doula and online educator. She is passionate about nourishment, holistic living and taking radical responsibility for your health and birth choices. She serves women locally in Upstate SC through her doula agency, Nested & Nourished, as well as online through her Holistic Mama Pregnancy & Birth Course, virtual doula support offerings, podcast titled Holistic Pregnancy, and more.

 

Episode Roundup:

If there’s one word that demands your attention in this episode, I hope it’s “intuition”.  Taylor’s decisions were not informed by sheer logic or dogma.  No, the seat of her decisionmaking came from a deeper source.  From what I believe to be Holy Spirit guided intuition.  

Intuition.  That inner knowing that often times goes against your expectations.  Taylor isn’t a huge fan of ultrasounds for herself, but she sensed that an ultrasound is what she needed.  This ended up providing her with the information she used to support her body and baby through gestational diabetes.  And again, we see this intuition work in the complete OPPOSITE direction at the end of pregnancy, where Taylor felt that she shouldn’t have a scan.  Looking back, she knows that this prevented her from unnecessary fear regarding her baby’s weight. I love how this example unfolded.  We take the same topic: Ultrasounds and apply intuition to them in two different directions.  That, my friends, is what it looks like to listen to your intuition.

Next, I want to remind you of just how deeply our emotions are connected to labor and birth.  Taylor needed to take her baby into her arms, hold her, and grieve the change that was coming. Yes, of course, adding a new baby is a massive blessing to a family! But that doesn’t mean that there isn’t a sense of pain at the leaving behind of the old ways.  Honoring this feeling is exactly what led Taylor deeper into labor.  Feel those feelings and don’t be afraid of them.

And finally, Taylor’s love for birthwork came from her own experiences.  She realized that she had something to offer other mothers, other families after having her first daughter.  She decided to seek out a way to be both the mother that she desired to be, and to also build a thriving business at the same time.  Sounds impossible, right?  But Taylor is doing it, very successfully I might add! Her online business, her doula agency… It's incredible! Taylor sought education from someone who values family, business AND birthwork.  She found a coach who wouldn’t tell her to push aside family for money, but who would encourage her to and teach her to make a way for both.

 

Links:

Samaritan Ministries | samaritanministries.org/happyhomebirth

Happy Homebirth Academy | happyhomebirth.thrivecart.com/happy-homebirth-academy-checkout/

Interview Application | interviewwithkatelyn.my.canva.site/direct-to-landing-page

Youtube | youtu.be/0yWrppdhZNs 

Kyleigh’s Workshop Sign Up

Lily Nichols Episode

Taylor’s Instagram 

Taylor’s Podcast

The Glucose Revolution

The Glucose Goddess IG

Dr. Rachel Reed- Gestational Diabetes Review Article

Dr Sara Wickham- Gestational Diabetes Article